Abstract: Equilibrium sediment transport relations in terms of discharge and channel shape for the lower Yellow River were obtained by introducing the characteristics of sediment transport of the lower Yellow River into the general formulations of equilibrium sediment transport for two-phase heterogeneous flows. These relations can be used for analyzing the characteristics and trend of adjustments in longitudinal and transverse channel shapes of a channel reach in response to variations of flow and sediment load. The applicability of the equilibrium sediment transport relations was verified for adjustment of channel cross section based on the stage-discharge relation of a typical hyperconcentrated flood at the Jiahetan station in 1977, which indicates that the adjustment was not a permanent one.The proposed equilibrium sediment transport relations for the lower Yellow River are closely related to parameters of “equilibrium slope” and “hydraulic geometry” used in river training. Because of the adjustment of channel slope is related to cross-sectional shape, the cross-sectional parameter must be included in the “equilibrium slope”.The equilibrium sediment transport relations for the lower Yellow River provide a quick calculation method for various channel designs. This is very important for transport of sediment from the Yellow River to farmland using irrigation channels, deposition of sediment on floodplains using desilting channels, and reduction of sediment deposition in the lower Yellow River.