Abstract: In recent years, serious hazards of limnoperna fortunei occurred in hydraulic projects. These hazards may block the pipeline, lower the ability of water transportation, and foul the surfaces of hydraulic structures, etc., thus emerging as a new problem that affects the operation safety of hydraulic projects. This study has conducted experimental tests to explore the behaviors of limnoperna fortunei in different environmental conditions, such as light, temperature and pH, focusing on the variations of four behavior indicators, i.e. soft foot protruding rate, movement distance, adhesion rate, and mortality rate, to characterize the degree of the environmental factors on the behaviors. We draw the following conclusions from the experiment. Limnoperna fortunei has obvious negative phototaxis and prefers to attach to dark adhesion matrix. The appropriate temperature for its survival was varying from 16 ?C - 28 ?C, and its activity was obviously inhibited under extremely low temperature of 4 ?C while enhanced as the temperature rose within this range. However, it died quickly when the temperature reached up to 32 ?C. Limnoperna fortunei was also sensitive to the acid-base property. Neutral environment was the most suitable environment for its survival.